1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时表示现在的状态、习惯性的动作或主语所具备的性格和能力等。
① 当动词是be时,第一人称用am,第二人称用is,其他人称用are.
② 当动词是实义动词时,一般用动词原形,但如果主语是第三人称单数时,动词必须用第三人称单数形式:
助动词do(第三人称单数用does)构成否定句、疑问句及答语,但要注意助动词后原来的谓语动词要恢复原形。例如:
I like music. I don’t like music.
Do you like music? Yes, I do No, I don’t
(2)一般现在时的用法
① 表示经常、习惯性动作,常和often, usually, every day, sometimes, always等时间状语连用。如:
He goes to school by bus every day.
They often play football
② 表示能力、职业、特征。如:
Miss Gao teaches English.
Do you speak Japanese?
③ 表示客观存在。如:
The earth moves round the sun.
Time and tide wait for no man.
④ 表示已经安排好或计划好的事。如
The plane takes off at 7:30.
Classes begin at 8:00.
⑤ 在时间状语和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:
If I see him, I’ll tell him to give you a call.
We’ll wait until he comes back.
注意:
a. 一般现在时的一些常见的时间状语有:always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, ever, never, every day, now and then, from time to time
b. 现在进行时有时用来代替一般现在时,表示一个经常性的重复的动作或状态。这时句中常带用always, forever以表示说话人的某种感情,如赞叹、厌烦等。如:
He is always thinking of others.
He is always talking big.